Off-Grid Solar for Sarawak Swiftlet Farm: PVsyst Simulation

This research paper presents a detailed simulation-based design of a fully off-grid solar PV system for a swiftlet farm in Bintangor, Sarawak (GPS: 2°10'05.7" N, 111°38'29.8" E), spanning 847.32 m². Using PVsyst software, the study transitions the grid-powered site to sustainable off-grid operation, serving as a model for similar agricultural setups. Key specifications include 252 solar panel modules, 240 batteries, 21 charge controllers, and an 11,000 W DC-to-AC inverter, generating 74.49 MWh/year to meet full load demands. The design process involves precise load estimation, site-specific solar irradiation analysis, and component optimization for reliability in tropical conditions. Simulation results validate the system's viability, providing actionable data on energy production, losses, and performance under varying irradiance, temperature, and environmental factors. Practical insights cover array sizing, battery bank configuration for autonomy, inverter selection, and charge controller integration, ensuring 100% self-sufficiency without grid reliance. This case offers concrete, replicable steps for homestead-scale off-grid PV implementations in farming contexts, with software-driven metrics for practitioners to adapt to their sites, including irregular land shapes (heptagon: 58m x 17m max dimensions). The methodology emphasizes techno-economic feasibility, making it a high-value reference for regenerative, remote agricultural energy projects.